PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.